Keep each user's profile image encoded in base64 format in an RDS table and reference it from the application for display

Save the S3 key for each user's profile photo in a DynamoDB table and use a lambda function to dynamically generate a pre-signed URL. Reference this URL for display via the web application

Keep each user's profile image encoded in base64 format in a DynamoDB table and reference it from the application for display

Make the S3 bucket public so that the application can reference the image URL for display