Utilizing Azure Key Vault for centralized management of secrets, keys, and certificates, leveraging its access controls, auditing capabilities, and integration with Azure services.

Adopting a decentralized approach where each development team manages their own secrets, keys, and certificates using local storage solutions without centralized access controls or auditing.

Implementing automated rotation and expiration policies for all secrets, keys, and certificates to ensure they are regularly updated and invalidated when no longer needed.

Allowing individual team members to store and manage secrets, keys, and certificates in personal repositories or unsecured locations without any organizational oversight or controls.