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You are designing a data warehouse solution for a retail company that requires tracking changes to product information over time to support historical reporting. The company has specific requirements: they need to minimize storage costs while ensuring compliance with data retention policies, and they must be able to quickly retrieve the current state of any product. Considering these constraints, which Slowly Changing Dimension (SCD) type would be the MOST appropriate to implement, and why? Choose the best option from the following:
A
SCD Type 0, because it does not track historical changes and only stores the current state of the data, thus minimizing storage costs and simplifying data retrieval for the current state.
B
SCD Type 1, because it overwrites the existing data with the new data, which is the most cost-effective method for tracking changes without increasing storage requirements.
C
SCD Type 2, because it tracks all historical changes by creating new records for each change, including valid-from and valid-to dates, ensuring comprehensive historical reporting capabilities.
D
SCD Type 3, because it stores the current and previous values in the same record, offering a balance between storage efficiency and historical data access.