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Answer: Examine the VPC flow logs to identity the traffic that traverses the NAT gateway., Verify that the gateway VPC endpoints for Amazon S3 and DynamoDB are both set up and associated with the route tables of the private subnets.
The question revolves around reducing the cost associated with NAT gateway usage in a VPC. The key to solving this issue lies in minimizing the amount of data that needs to traverse the NAT gateway, especially since NAT gateway charges are based on the amount of data processed. Option B suggests examining VPC flow logs to identify the traffic that traverses the NAT gateway, which is a good first step in understanding the traffic patterns and identifying unnecessary data transfers. Option E recommends setting up gateway VPC endpoints for Amazon S3 and DynamoDB and associating them with the route tables of the private subnets. This is crucial because gateway VPC endpoints allow direct access to Amazon S3 and DynamoDB from within the VPC without needing to traverse the NAT gateway, thereby reducing NAT gateway data processing charges. Options A and C, while useful for monitoring and analysis, do not directly address the issue of reducing NAT gateway usage. Option D, although it ensures that EC2 instances can only communicate with necessary IP addresses, does not directly reduce NAT gateway usage if the traffic to Amazon S3 and DynamoDB is still routed through the NAT gateway. Therefore, the most effective actions to resolve the issue are examining VPC flow logs to understand traffic patterns and setting up gateway VPC endpoints for Amazon S3 and DynamoDB to bypass the NAT gateway for these services.
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A company is migrating a legacy data processing solution to AWS, deploying it on Amazon EC2 instances within private subnets of a single VPC. The solution utilizes Amazon S3 for object storage, storing both input and output data, and Amazon DynamoDB to maintain its state. VPC flow logs are collected, and a single NAT gateway is used to enable license registration over the internet via a specific hostname provided by the software vendor. The company observes that the AWS bill surpasses the projected budget, and a network engineer identifies the USE2-NatGateway-Bytes($) usage type as the primary cause of the unexpected cost increase. What actions should the network engineer take to address this issue? (Choose two.)
A
Set up Amazon VPC Traffic Mirroring. Analyze the traffic to identify the traffic that the NAT gateway processes.
B
Examine the VPC flow logs to identity the traffic that traverses the NAT gateway.
C
Set up an AWS Cost and Usage Report in the AWS Billing and Cost Management console. Examine the report to find more details about the NAT gateway charges.
D
Verify that the security groups attached to the EC2 instances allow outgoing traffic only to the IP addresses that the hostname resolves to, the VPC CIDR block, and the AWS IP address ranges for Amazon S3 and DynamoDB.
E
Verify that the gateway VPC endpoints for Amazon S3 and DynamoDB are both set up and associated with the route tables of the private subnets.