Answer: ex-dividend date.

**Explanation:** - **A. Correct**: The ex-dividend date (or ex-date) is the first date on which a share trades without the declared dividend. This is the date after which a buyer of the stock will not receive the upcoming dividend. - **B. Incorrect**: The payable date (or payment date) is the date on which the company distributes the dividend payment to shareholders, either by mail or electronic transfer. - **C. Incorrect**: The declaration date is the date on which the company announces the dividend, including the amount and the payment details.

Author: LeetQuiz Editorial Team