Answer: 43%

This is a conditional probability problem that can be solved using Bayes' theorem. **Given:** - P(Male) = 0.60 - P(Female) = 0.40 - P(Claim|Female) = 2 × P(Claim|Male) **Let:** - P(C|M) = probability of claim given male - P(C|F) = 2 × P(C|M) **Using Bayes' theorem:** $$ P(M|C) = \frac{P(C|M) \times P(M)}{P(C|M) \times P(M) + P(C|F) \times P(F)} $$ **Substitute values:** $$ P(M|C) = \frac{P(C|M) \times 0.60}{P(C|M) \times 0.60 + [2 \times P(C|M)] \times 0.40} $$ **Simplify:** $$ P(M|C) = \frac{0.60 \times P(C|M)}{0.60 \times P(C|M) + 0.80 \times P(C|M)} $$ $$ P(M|C) = \frac{0.60}{0.60 + 0.80} = \frac{0.60}{1.40} = 0.4286 \approx 43\% $$ **Explanation:** The probability that a claimant is male is approximately 43%, which corresponds to option D. This result makes intuitive sense because although males make up 60% of the policyholders, females are twice as likely to file claims, which reduces the conditional probability of a claimant being male.

Author: Tanishq Prabhu