Explanation
The Ljung Box statistic, also known as the modified Box Pierce statistic, is a function of the accumulated autocorrelations, ρi, up to time lag m. It's calculated as:
Q(m)=n(n+2)i=1∑m(n−iρi2)
Given:
- Sample size (n) = 250
- Time lag (m) = 3
- Autocorrelations: ρ₁ = 0.3, ρ₂ = -0.15, ρ₃ = -0.10
Calculation:
Q(3)=250×252(2490.32)+250×252(248(−0.15)2)+250×252(247(−0.1)2)
Breaking it down:
- First term: 250×252×2490.09=63,000×0.0003614=22.77
- Second term: 250×252×2480.0225=63,000×0.0000907=5.71
- Third term: 250×252×2470.01=63,000×0.0000405=2.55
Total: 22.77+5.71+2.55=31.03
The Ljung Box Q statistic is approximately 31, which matches option B._