Explanation

Absolute convergence refers to the hypothesis that:

• Poorer countries will grow faster than richer countries
• Eventually, all countries will converge to the same level of per capita output
• This occurs regardless of differences in savings rates, population growth, or other factors

Why not the other options:

• Club convergence: Countries converge only within specific "clubs" or groups with similar characteristics
• Conditional convergence: Countries converge to their own steady states, which depend on factors like savings rates and population growth

Key insight: Absolute convergence implies that developing countries will completely catch up to developed countries in per capita output, assuming all else is equal.