Answer: Convenience sampling.

## Explanation **Non-probability sampling** refers to sampling methods where the probability of selecting each element from the population is unknown or not equal. These methods are often used when probability sampling is impractical, too expensive, or when researchers need quick results. Let's analyze each option: **A. Cluster sampling** - This is a **probability sampling method**. In cluster sampling, the population is divided into clusters (often geographically or naturally occurring groups), and then a random sample of clusters is selected. All elements within the selected clusters are included in the sample. **B. Convenience sampling** - This is a **non-probability sampling method**. In convenience sampling, the researcher selects elements that are easiest to access or most convenient. There's no randomization, and the sample may not be representative of the population. **C. Stratified random sampling** - This is a **probability sampling method**. In stratified random sampling, the population is divided into homogeneous subgroups (strata), and then a random sample is taken from each stratum. This ensures representation from all subgroups. ### Key Differences: - **Probability sampling methods** (like cluster, stratified, simple random, systematic): Each element has a known, non-zero chance of being selected. - **Non-probability sampling methods** (like convenience, judgmental/purposive, quota, snowball): Selection is based on non-random criteria, and the probability of selection is unknown. **Why B is correct:** Convenience sampling is a classic example of non-probability sampling where samples are selected based on ease of access rather than random selection. **Why A and C are incorrect:** Both cluster sampling and stratified random sampling are probability sampling methods where elements are selected through random processes with known probabilities.

Author: LeetQuiz .