Explanation

Let's analyze each statement:

I. A variable declaration associates a name with a value that generally cannot be changed during program execution.

• This statement is incorrect. Variable declarations typically associate a name with a value that can be changed during program execution (unless it's a constant). Variables are mutable by definition in most programming languages.

II. Arithmetic expressions are expressions whose results are numeric values, integer or fractional.

• This statement is correct. Arithmetic expressions (like 2 + 3, 5 * 4, 10 / 2) indeed produce numeric results, which can be integers or floating-point numbers.

III. Logical expressions are those that result in one of two values, true or false.

• This statement is correct. Logical expressions (like x > 5, a == b, p && q) evaluate to boolean values: true or false.

Conclusion: Only statements II and III are correct, so the correct answer is D) Only II and III.