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A hard disk partition is formatted with a file system based on chained allocation, using an allocation table. The partition formatting considered a block (cluster) size of 4096 bytes. A program executed on this computer creates a file in this partition and writes the file data according to the code snippet below. As a result, the created file contains ____ bytes and occupies ____ bytes in the file system's data area.
...
05 char dado;
...
25 for(i=0;i<1024;i++)
27 write(fd, &dado, 1);
28 close(fd);
...
05 char dado;
...
25 for(i=0;i<1024;i++)
27 write(fd, &dado, 1);
28 close(fd);
Select the alternative that correctly and respectively fills in the blanks in the text above.
Real Exam
Community
DDanyel
A
1024 – 1024
B
1025 – 1025
C
1024 – 4096
D
1025 – 4096
E
4096 – 4096
Explanation:
Explanation
This question tests understanding of file system allocation methods and cluster/block sizes.
Key Points:
- File System Allocation: The system uses chained allocation with an allocation table (likely FAT - File Allocation Table).
- Cluster Size: 4096 bytes (4KB) per block/cluster.
- Code Analysis:
- The program writes 1 byte at a time
- The loop runs 1024 times (
for(i=0;i<1024;i++)) - Total data written: 1024 bytes
Analysis:
- File Size (Logical Size): The file contains exactly 1024 bytes because that's what was written to it.
- Space Occupied (Physical Size): In file systems with fixed cluster sizes, space is allocated in whole clusters. Since the cluster size is 4096 bytes:
- 1024 bytes requires at least 1 cluster
- 1 cluster = 4096 bytes
- Therefore, the file occupies 4096 bytes on disk
Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
- A (1024 – 1024): Incorrect because it ignores cluster allocation overhead
- B (1025 – 1025): Incorrect - the loop writes 1024 bytes, not 1025
- D (1025 – 4096): Incorrect - the file contains 1024 bytes, not 1025
- E (4096 – 4096): Incorrect - the file contains 1024 bytes, not 4096
File System Concept:
In chained allocation with allocation tables (like FAT), files are stored in clusters. Even if a file uses only part of a cluster, the entire cluster is allocated to that file. This is known as internal fragmentation - wasted space within allocated clusters.
Correct Answer: C (1024 – 4096)
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