The Ljung-Box Q statistic is calculated using the formula:
Q(m)=n(n+2)∑i=1m(n−iρi2)
Given:
- Sample size n = 90
- Autocorrelations: ρ^1=0.20, ρ^2=−0.03, ρ^3=0.05
- Time lag m = 3
Calculation:
Q(3)=90×92(890.22)+90×92(88(−0.03)2)+90×92(870.052)
Breaking it down:
- First term:
$90 \times 92 \times \frac{0.04}{89} = 8280 \times 0.0004494 = 3.72$2. Second term: $90 \times 92 \times \frac{0.0009}{88} = 8280 \times 0.00001023 = 0.0847$3. Third term: $90 \times 92 \times \frac{0.0025}{87} = 8280 \times 0.00002874 = 0.238$
Sum: $3.72 + 0.0847 + 0.238 = 4.0427 \approx 4.04$
Therefore, the Ljung-Box Q statistic is 4.04.