Answer: Users can terminate an EC2 instance in the us-east-1 Region when the user's source IP is 10.100.100.254.

## Explanation This IAM policy has two statements that work together: 1. **First Statement (Allow)**: - Allows the `ec2:TerminateInstances` action - Resource: `*` (all EC2 instances) - Condition: Source IP must be in the range `10.100.100.0/24` 2. **Second Statement (Deny)**: - Denies all EC2 actions (`ec2:*`) - Resource: `*` (all EC2 instances) - Condition: Region is NOT equal to `us-east-1` ### Key Points: - **Deny statements override Allow statements** in IAM policies - The second statement denies ALL EC2 actions in regions other than `us-east-1` - The first statement allows termination ONLY when source IP is in `10.100.100.0/24` - IP address `10.100.100.254` is within the `10.100.100.0/24` subnet (range: 10.100.100.0 - 10.100.100.255) ### Analysis of Options: - **A**: Incorrect - The deny statement blocks ALL EC2 actions (including termination) in regions other than us-east-1 - **B**: Incorrect - While the IP is correct, this doesn't specify the complete condition (must be in us-east-1 region) - **C**: **CORRECT** - Users can terminate EC2 instances in us-east-1 when source IP is 10.100.100.254 (meets both conditions) - **D**: Incorrect - This is the opposite of what the policy allows ### How IAM Policy Evaluation Works: 1. By default, all requests are denied 2. Allow statements grant permissions 3. Deny statements explicitly deny permissions (override allows) 4. Conditions must be satisfied for statements to apply In this case: - To terminate an instance, BOTH conditions must be met: 1. Source IP must be in 10.100.100.0/24 2. Region must be us-east-1 (because if it's not us-east-1, the deny statement blocks all EC2 actions) - IP 10.100.100.254 satisfies the IP condition - us-east-1 region satisfies the region condition (avoids the deny)

Author: LeetQuiz Editorial Team