Answer: Configure the General Purpose SSD (gp3) EBS volume storage type and provision 15,000 IOPS.

## Explanation **Correct Answer: C** **Why Option C is correct:** 1. **gp3 volumes** allow you to provision IOPS independently of storage capacity, which meets the requirement to "provision disk IOPS performance independent of disk storage capacity." 2. **Cost-effectiveness**: gp3 volumes are generally more cost-effective than io1 volumes for the same IOPS level. With gp3, you pay separately for storage and provisioned IOPS, and the baseline performance is included at no extra cost. 3. **15,000 IOPS requirement**: gp3 volumes can be configured up to 16,000 IOPS, which satisfies the requirement of 15,000 IOPS. **Why other options are incorrect:** **Option A (gp2)**: - gp2 volumes tie IOPS to storage capacity (3 IOPS per GB). To achieve 15,000 IOPS, you would need 5,000 GB of storage, which would be wasteful and expensive if you don't need that much storage. - Does not meet the requirement for independent IOPS provisioning. **Option B (io1)**: - While io1 volumes do allow independent IOPS provisioning, they are more expensive than gp3 volumes for the same IOPS level. - io1 is designed for I/O-intensive workloads that require sustained IOPS performance, but gp3 is more cost-effective for this use case. **Option D (EBS magnetic)**: - Magnetic volumes have very low performance (typically around 100 IOPS) and cannot achieve 15,000 IOPS. - They are not suitable for database workloads requiring high IOPS. **Key AWS Concepts:** - **gp3 volumes**: Latest generation general purpose SSD with independent control of IOPS and throughput - **io1 volumes**: Provisioned IOPS SSD for I/O-intensive workloads - **gp2 volumes**: Previous generation general purpose SSD with IOPS tied to storage size - **Magnetic volumes**: Lowest cost option with minimal performance **Best Practice**: For RDS PostgreSQL with moderate IOPS requirements (up to 16,000 IOPS), gp3 is typically the most cost-effective choice as it provides independent IOPS provisioning without the premium cost of io1 volumes.

Author: LeetQuiz Editorial Team