The AML/CFT chief officer is responsible for continuously monitoring the bank's compliance with AML/CFT duties as part of the second layer of defense in anti-money laundering and countering the financing of terrorism. This includes conducting sample testing to ensure compliance and reviewing exception reports to alert senior management or the board of directors if there are concerns that AML/CFT procedures are not being addressed in a responsible manner.

A is incorrect. Customer due diligence checks are typically conducted by the first line of defense, which includes customer-facing employees such as relationship managers.

C is incorrect. Forensic investigations into suspicious transactions are typically conducted by specialized units within the bank's compliance function.

D is incorrect. Reviewing and approving high-risk transactions is typically the responsibility of the bank's compliance function or risk management function.

Things to Remember

• AML (Anti-Money Laundering) refers to a set of regulations, laws, and procedures designed to prevent criminals from disguising illegally obtained funds as legitimate income.
• CFT (Countering the Financing of Terrorism) involves measures to combat the financing of terrorism and ensure that financial systems are not used for terrorist activities.
• The second layer of defense in AML/CFT typically involves oversight and monitoring functions to ensure compliance with regulations and policies.
• Sample testing is a common method used to assess the effectiveness of AML/CFT controls and procedures.
• Exception reports are generated when transactions or activities deviate from