
Explanation:
To neutralize exposures to the Level and Slope principal components (PCs), we must set up a system of equations based on the DV01-weighted risk weights (dollar durations). Let and be the risk weights of the 2-year and 10-year swaps relative to the 5-year swap.
The equations for neutralizing the Level and Slope PCs are:
Solving for using the Slope equation:
$0.02 w_{10} = 2.93 w_2 - 1.28 \Rightarrow w_{10} = 146.5 w_2 - 64$
Substitute into the Level equation:
$5.06 w_2 + 5.43(146.5 w_2 - 64) = 5.975.06w_2 + 795.5 w_2 - 347.52 = 5.97$ (or 44.2%)
Now find : (or 68.8%)
The risk weights match Options B and C. Next, calculate the notional amounts () required for the 2-year and 10-year swaps. The risk weight formula is . Given million:
Note: The question's choices structurally swap the notional amounts for the 2-year and 10-year swaps in the matching pair of figures (Option C places 46.68m for 2-year and 76.85m for 10-year). Option C contains the correct numerical outputs despite this structural typo in the source material.
Ultimate access to all questions.
No comments yet.
The analyst decides to perform a principal components analysis (PCA) of the term structure of swap rates and use the results of the PCA to construct the butterfly trade. The principal components (PCs) identified as having the greatest impact are the level, the slope, and the short rate. The results of the PCA, stated as the change in bps in the swap rates due to a 1 standard deviation increase in the PC, are given in the table below:
| Term (years) | Level PC | Slope PC | Short Rate PC |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 3.25 | -2.51 | 1.27 |
| 2 | 5.06 | -2.93 | 0.44 |
| 5 | 5.97 | -1.28 | -0.36 |
| 10 | 5.43 | 0.02 | -0.18 |
| 20 | 4.84 | 0.64 | 0.25 |
The analyst also notes that these three PCs explain over 99.5% of the variability in the swap rates, with the level PC having the greatest impact, the slope PC having a smaller impact, and the short rate PC only having an impact on very short-term swap rates.
To construct the hedged butterfly position, the analyst collects the current swap rates and DV01s of the 2-year, 5-year, and 10-year swaps, shown in the table below:
| Term (years) | Swap rate | DV01 |
|---|---|---|
| 2 | 2.992% | 0.0285 |
| 5 | 2.551% | 0.0496 |
| 10 | 2.454% | 0.0731 |
After receiving this information from the analyst, the manager instructs the analyst to construct a butterfly position with a notional amount of EUR 100 million in the 5-year swap in such a way that exposures to the level and slope PCs are neutralized. What notional amounts of the 2-year swap and the 10-year swap should be included in the butterfly and what are the risk weights of the two swaps relative to the DV01 of the 5-year swap?
A
Notional of 2-year swap (EUR million): 23.15 million | Notional of 10-year swap (EUR million): 76.85 million | Risk weight of 2-year swap: 39.1% | Risk weight of 10-year swap: 60.9%
B
Notional of 2-year swap (EUR million): 46.68 million | Notional of 10-year swap (EUR million): 53.32 million | Risk weight of 2-year swap: 44.2% | Risk weight of 10-year swap: 68.8%
C
Notional of 2-year swap (EUR million): 46.68 million | Notional of 10-year swap (EUR million): 76.85 million | Risk weight of 2-year swap: 44.2% | Risk weight of 10-year swap: 68.8%
D
Notional of 2-year swap (EUR million): 46.68 million | Notional of 10-year swap (EUR million): 76.85 million | Risk weight of 2-year swap: 39.1% | Risk weight of 10-year swap: 60.9%