
Explanation:
Forwards and futures are different from options because the holder of the forwards and futures are obligated to buy or sell the underlying. This statement accurately captures the fundamental difference between these types of derivatives. In a forward or futures contract, the buyer and seller are obligated to buy or sell the underlying asset at a predetermined price on a specified future date. This obligation exists regardless of the market price of the underlying asset at the time of contract execution. This characteristic of forwards and futures contracts exposes the contract holders to a significant amount of risk, especially if the market price of the underlying asset moves unfavorably.
On the other hand, options contracts provide the holder with the right, but not the obligation, to buy (in the case of a call option) or sell (in the case of a put option) the underlying asset at a predetermined price before or on the expiration date. This means that the holder of an options contract can choose to exercise the option if it is profitable to do so, or let the option expire worthless if it is not. This flexibility is a key feature of options contracts and is what differentiates them from forwards and futures contracts.
Choice A is incorrect. It is not accurate to say that it takes a certain cost to enter into a forward contract. Forward contracts do not require an upfront payment or premium like options do. They are agreements between two parties to buy or sell an asset at a specified future date for a price.
Q-592: A number of derivatives are used to hedge the risk or earn a profit with speculation and arbitrage strategies. Forwards, futures and options are different from each other in terms of their properties. Which of the following statement correctly differentiates forward, futures, and options?
A
Forward contracts and options are different from futures, as it takes a certain cost to enter into a forward contract.
B
Options and futures are different from forwards contracts as they give an option or futures contract holder the right, but not the obligation, to exercise the contract.
C
Forwards and futures are different from options because the holder of the forwards and futures are obligated to buy or sell the underlying.
D
Forward contracts and options are different from futures because forwards and options trade on OTC markets.
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